Noise and Stress Health Risks

Beutel, M., Brähler, E., Ernst, M., Klein, E., Reiner, I., Wiltink, J., Michal, M., Wild, P., Schulz, A., Münzel, T., Hahad, O., König, J., Lackner, K., Pfeiffer, N., & Tibubos, A. (2020). Noise annoyance predicts symptoms of depression, anxiety and sleep disturbance 5 years later. Findings from the Gutenberg Health Study.. European journal of public health. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckaa015.

Gong, X., Fenech, B., Blackmore, C., Chen, Y., Rodgers, G., Gulliver, J., & Hansell, A. (2022). Association between Noise Annoyance and Mental Health Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19052696.

Münzel, T., Schmidt, F., Steven, S., Herzog, J., Daiber, A., & Sørensen, M. (2018). Environmental Noise and the Cardiovascular System. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 71 6, 688-697. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2017.12.015.

World Health Organization. (2011). Burden of disease from environmental noise: Quantification of healthy life years lost in Europe. WHO Regional Office for Europe. https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789289002295

Health Benefits of Quiet and Nature

American Heart Association. (n.d.). Spend time in nature to reduce stress and anxiety. American Heart Association. https://www.heart.org/en/healthy-living/healthy-lifestyle/stress-management/spend-time-in-nature-to-reduce-stress-and-anxiety

Arizona State Parks and Trails. (2023). Arizona Statewide Comprehensive Outdoor Recreation Plan (SCORP) 2023. Arizona State Parks and Trails. https://arizona-content.usedirect.com/storage/Arizona%20Statewide%20Comprehensive%20Outdoor%20Recreation%20Plan%20(SCORP)%202023%20FINAL_011723_1.pdf

Bratman, G., Mehta, A., Olvera-Alvarez, H., Spink, K., Levy, C., White, M., Kubzansky, L., & Gross, J. (2024). Associations of nature contact with emotional ill-being and well-being: the role of emotion regulation. Cognition & emotion, 1-20. https://doi.org/10.1080/02699931.2024.2316199

Chase, H., & Beller, K. (2024). Of 30 organizations' more than 300 guided outdoor programs, zero focus on promoting mental health, relaxing in nature, or stress reduction [informal research].

City of Detroit Parks & Recreation. (2022). Appendix A: Parks & Recreation Strategic Plan Survey (Oct 2022). City of Detroit. https://detroitmi.gov/sites/detroitmi.localhost/files/2022-11/AppendixA_PRSP_Survey_Oct2022.pdf

Hartig, T., Mang, M., & Evans, G.W. (1991). Restorative Effects of Natural Environment Experiences. Environment and Behavior, 23, 26-3. https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Restorative-Effects-of-Natural-Environment-Hartig-Mang/1676d1f9b8224372dded9efc774d438861910d0c

Maller, C., Townsend, M., Leger, L., Henderson-Wilson, C., Pryor, A., Prosser, L., & Moore, M. (2008). Healthy parks, healthy people: The health benefits of contact with nature in a park context - A review of relevant literature (2nd Edition). https://www.deakin.edu.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0016/310750/HPHP-2nd-Edition.pdf

Richardson, M., Passmore, H., Lumber, R., Thomas, R., & Hunt, A. (2021). Moments, not minutes: The nature-wellbeing relationship. International Journal of Wellbeing. https://doi.org/10.5502/IJW.V11I1.1267

Weir, K. (2020, April 1). Nurtured by nature: Psychological research is advancing our understanding of how time in nature can improve our mental health and sharpen our cognition. American Psychological Association. https://www.apa.org/monitor/2020/04/nurtured-nature

White, M., Alcock, I., Grellier, J., Wheeler, B., Hartig, T., Warber, S., Bone, A., Depledge, M., & Fleming, L. (2019). Spending at least 120 minutes a week in nature is associated with good health and wellbeing. Scientific Reports, 9. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-44097-3

Exposure to Nature

Barnes, M., Donahue, M., Keeler, B., Shorb, C., Mohtadi, T., & Shelby, L. (2019). Characterizing Nature and Participant Experience in Studies of Nature Exposure for Positive Mental Health: An Integrative Review. Frontiers in Psychology, 9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02617

Jimenez, M., DeVille, N., Elliott, E., Schiff, J., Wilt, G., Hart, J., & James, P. (2021). Associations between Nature Exposure and Health: A Review of the Evidence. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18094790

White, M., Elliott, L., Grellier, J., Economou, T., Bell, S., Bratman, G., et al. (2021). Associations between green/blue spaces and mental health across 18 countries. Scientific Reports, 11. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-87675-0

Hearing Quiet and Natural Sounds

Alvarsson, J., Wiens, S., & Nilsson, M. (2010). Stress Recovery during Exposure to Nature Sound and Environmental Noise. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 7, 1036-1046. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph7031036

Buxton, R., Pearson, A., Allou, C., Fristrup, K., & Wittemyer, G. (2021). A synthesis of health benefits of natural sounds and their distribution in national parks. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 118. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2013097118

Fan, L., & Baharum, M. (2024). The effect of exposure to natural sounds on stress reduction: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Stress, 27(1), 2402519. https://doi.org/10.1080/10253890.2024.2402519

Pausing Electronic Device Use

Ansari, S., Iqbal, N., Azeem, A., & Danyal, K. (2024). Improving Well-Being Through Digital Detoxification Among Social Media Users: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Cyberpsychology, Behavior and Social Networking. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2023.0742

Anandpara, G., Kharadi, A., Vidja, P., Chauhan, Y., Mahajan, S., & Patel, J. (2024). A Comprehensive Review on Digital Detox: A Newer Health and Wellness Trend in the Current Era. Cureus, 16. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.58719

Radtke, T., Apel, T., Schenkel, K., Keller, J., & Von Lindern, E. (2021). Digital detox: An effective solution in the smartphone era? A systematic literature review. Mobile Media & Communication, 10, 190-215. https://doi.org/10.1177/20501579211028647

Earthing/Grounding

Chevalier, G. (2015). The Effect of Grounding the Human Body on Mood. Psychological Reports, 116, 534-542. https://doi.org/10.2466/06.PR0.116k21w5

Menigoz, W., Latz, T., Ely, R., Kamei, C., Melvin, G., & Sinatra, D. (2019). Integrative and lifestyle medicine strategies should include Earthing (grounding): Review of research evidence and clinical observations. Explore. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.explore.2019.10.005

Park, H., Jeong, W., Yu, H., Ye, M., Hong, Y., Kim, M., Kim, J., & Shim, I. (2022). The Effect of Earthing Mat on Stress-Induced Anxiety-like Behavior and Neuroendocrine Changes in the Rat. Biomedicines, 11. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11010057

Extended Exhale Breathing

Brown, R., Gerbarg, P., & Muench, F. (2013). Breathing practices for treatment of psychiatric and stress-related medical conditions. The Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 36(1), 121-40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psc.2013.01.001

Noble, D., & Hochman, S. (2019). Hypothesis: Pulmonary Afferent Activity Patterns During Slow, Deep Breathing Contribute to the Neural Induction of Physiological Relaxation. Frontiers in Physiology, 10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2019.01176

Perciavalle, V., Blandini, M., Fecarotta, P., Buscemi, A., Corrado, D., Bertolo, L., et al. (2017). The role of deep breathing on stress. Neurological Sciences, 38, 451-458. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-016-2790-8

Sensory Awareness

Finck, C., Avila, A., Jiménez-Leal, W., Botero, J., Shambo, D., Hernandez, S., et al. (2023). A multisensory mindfulness experience: exploring the promotion of sensory awareness as a mindfulness practice. Frontiers in Psychology, 14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1230832

Price, C., & Hooven, C. (2018). Interoceptive Awareness Skills for Emotion Regulation: Theory and Approach of Mindful Awareness in Body-Oriented Therapy (MABT). Frontiers in Psychology, 9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00798

Scanlan, J., & Novak, T. (2015). Sensory approaches in mental health: A scoping review. Australian Occupational Therapy Journal, 62(5), 277-85. https://doi.org/10.1111/1440-1630.12224

Effortless Attention/Soft Fascination

Basu, A., Duvall, J., & Kaplan, R. (2019). Attention Restoration Theory: Exploring the Role of Soft Fascination and Mental Bandwidth. Environment and Behavior, 51, 1055-1081. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013916518774400

Berto, R. (2005). Exposure to restorative environments helps restore attentional capacity. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 25, 249-259. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JENVP.2005.07.001

Stevenson, M., Schilhab, T., & Bentsen, P. (2018). Attention Restoration Theory II: a systematic review to clarify attention processes affected by exposure to natural environments. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part B, 21, 227-268. https://doi.org/10.1080/10937404.2018.1505571

Opportunities for Awe

Bai, Y., Ocampo, J., Jin, G., Chen, S., Benet‐Martínez, V., Monroy, M., et al. (2021). Awe, daily stress, and elevated life satisfaction. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 120(4), 837-860. https://doi.org/10.1037/pspa0000267

Monroy, M., & Keltner, D. (2022). Awe as a Pathway to Mental and Physical Health. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 18, 309-320. https://doi.org/10.1177/17456916221094856

Nelson-Coffey, S., Ruberton, P., Chancellor, J., Cornick, J., Blascovich, J., & Lyubomirsky, S. (2019). The proximal experience of awe. PLoS ONE, 14. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0216780

Gratitude

Cregg, D., & Cheavens, J. (2020). Gratitude Interventions: Effective Self-help? A Meta-analysis of the Impact on Symptoms of Depression and Anxiety. Journal of Happiness Studies, 22, 413-445. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-020-00236-6

Cunha, L., Pellanda, L., & Reppold, C. (2019). Positive Psychology and Gratitude Interventions: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Frontiers in Psychology, 10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00584

Jiang, D. (2020). Feeling Gratitude is Associated with Better Well-being across the Life Span: A Daily Diary Study during the COVID-19 Outbreak. The Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbaa220

Walking (Outdoors)

Bailey, A., & Kang, H. (2022). Walking and Sitting Outdoors: Which Is Better for Cognitive Performance and Mental States?. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192416638.

Kotera, Y., Lyons, M., Vione, K., & Norton, B. (2021). Effect of Nature Walks on Depression and Anxiety: A Systematic Review. Sustainability, 13, 4015. https://doi.org/10.3390/SU13074015.

Olafsdottir, G., Cloke, P., Schulz, A., Van Dyck, Z., Eysteinsson, T., Thorleifsdottir, B., & Vögele, C. (2018). Health Benefits of Walking in Nature: A Randomized Controlled Study Under Conditions of Real-Life Stress. Environment and Behavior, 52, 248 - 274. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013916518800798.

Volunteering

Jenkinson, C., Dickens, A., Jones, K., Thompson‐Coon, J., Taylor, R., Rogers, M., Bambra, C., Lang, I., & Richards, S. (2013). Is volunteering a public health intervention? A systematic review and meta-analysis of the health and survival of volunteers. BMC Public Health, 13, 773 - 773. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-13-773.

Thoits, P., & Hewitt, L. (2001). Volunteer work and well-being.. Journal of health and social behavior, 42 2, 115-31 . https://doi.org/10.2307/3090173.

Yeung, J., Zhang, Z., & Kim, T. (2017). Volunteering and health benefits in general adults: cumulative effects and forms. BMC Public Health, 18. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-017-4561-8.

Art Creation

Beerse, M., Van Lith, T., & Stanwood, G. (2020). Therapeutic Psychological and Biological Responses to Mindfulness-Based Art Therapy. Stress and health: Journal of the International Society for the Investigation of Stress. https://doi.org/10.1002/smi.2937.

Moula, Z., Palmer, K., & Walshe, N. (2022). A Systematic Review of Arts-Based Interventions Delivered to Children and Young People in Nature or Outdoor Spaces: Impact on Nature Connectedness, Health and Wellbeing. Frontiers in Psychology, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.858781.

Zhang, N., Chen, S., Li, Q., He, Z., & Jiang, W. (2024). Efficacy of art therapy in enhancing mental health of clinical nurses: A meta-analysis. Journal of psychiatric and mental health nursing. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpm.13026.

Birdwatching

Cheung, L., Lo, A., & Fok, L. (2017). Recreational specialization and ecologically responsible behaviour of Chinese birdwatchers in Hong Kong. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 25, 817 - 831. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2016.1251445.

Pinder, R. (2007). On movement and stillness. Ethnography, 8, 116 - 99. https://doi.org/10.1177/1466138107076142.

Xie, S., Pan, Q., Zheng, H., Xiao, N., & Li, J. (2023). Key Factors Strengthening Residents’ Psychological Well-Being and Critical Human-Nature Connections within the Living Spaces—An Example from Beijing. Diversity. https://doi.org/10.3390/d15030438.

Stargazing

Bell, R., Irvine, K., Wilson, C., & Warber, S. (2014). Dark Nature: Exploring potential benefits of nocturnal nature-based interaction for human and environmental health. European Journal of Ecopsychology, 5(1), 1-15.

Blair, A. (2018). An Exploration of the Role that the Night Sky Plays in the Lives of the Dark Sky Island Community of Sark. Journal of Systems Architecture, 3, 236-252. https://doi.org/10.1558/JSA.34689.

Li, T. (2021). Universal therapy: A two-stage mediation model of the effects of stargazing tourism on tourists’ behavioral intentions. Journal of Destination Marketing and Management, 20, 100572. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JDMM.2021.100572.

Movement (Outdoors)

Mitchell, R. (2013). Is physical activity in natural environments better for mental health than physical activity in other environments?. Social science & medicine, 91, 130-4 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2012.04.012.

Pasanen, T., Tyrväinen, L., & Korpela, K. (2014). The Relationship between Perceived Health and Physical Activity Indoors, Outdoors in Built Environments, and Outdoors in Nature. Applied Psychology. Health and Well-Being, 6, 324 - 346. https://doi.org/10.1111/aphw.12031.

Wicks, C., Barton, J., Orbell, S., & Andrews, L. (2022). Psychological benefits of outdoor physical activity in natural versus urban environments: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of experimental studies. Applied Psychology. Health and Well-Being, 14, 1037 - 1061. https://doi.org/10.1111/aphw.12353.